Footnotes for "Studies Suggesting That Induced Abortion May Increase the Feminization
of Poverty" by Thomas W. Strahan, J.D.
- Diana Pearce, "The
Feminization of Poverty: Women, Work, and Welfare," Urban
and Social Change Review (February, 1978): 30.
- Arthur Blaustein, The
American Promise (New Brunswick: Transaction Books, 1982),
p. 8.
- Diana Pearce, "The
Feminization of Ghetto Poverty," Society 21 (Nov./Dec.
1983): 70.
- United States Department
of Commerce, Bureau of the Census, "Money Income and Poverty
Status of Families and Persons in the United States: 1983,"
(Washington D.C.: Current Population Reports, Series P-60, no.
145, 1985).
- Pearce 1983, p. 70.
- See, for example, Emily
M. Northrop, "The Feminization of Poverty: The Demographic
Factor And the Composition of Economic Growth," Journal
of Economic Issues, 24, no. 1 (March 1990): 145.
- Christopher Tietze, "Repeat
Abortions -- Why More?" Family Planning Perspectives
10(5): 286 (Sept./Oct.1978); Henshaw, "Characteristics of
U.S. Women Having Abortions, 1982-1983," Family Planning
Perspectives 19, no. 1 (1987): 5.
- Stanley K. Henshaw and
Jane Silverman, "The Characteristics and Prior Contraceptive
Use of U.S. Abortion Patients," Family Planning Perspectives
20, no. 4 (July/Aug. 1988): 158.
- Kenneth D. Kochanek, "Induced
Termination of Pregnancy: Reporting States, 1988," Monthly
Vital Statistics Report 39, no. 12 (30 April 30 1991): 1-31.
- Theodore Joyce, "The
Social and Economic Correlates of Pregnancy Resolution Among Adolescents
in New York City: A Multivariate Analysis," American
Journal of Public Health 78, no. 6 (June 1988): 626.
- Rena Bobrowsky, "Incidence
of Repeated Abortion, Second Trimester Abortion, Contraceptive
Use, and Illness within a Teenage Population," Ph.D. Thesis,
University of Southern California (1986).
- Mary Jo Shepard and Michael
B. Bracken, "Contraceptive Practice and Repeat Induced Abortion:
An Epidemiological Investigation," Journal of Biosocial
Science 11 (1979): 289-302.
- Michael B. Bracken and
Stanislav K. Kasl, "First and Repeat Abortions: A Study of
Decision-Making and Delay," Journal of Biosocial Science
7 (1975): 374-491.
- See note 11.
- Ellen Freeman, "Emotional
Distress Patterns among Women Having First or Repeat Abortions,"
Obstetrics and Gynecology 55, no. 5 (May, 1980): 630.
- Statistical Abstracts
of the United States
(U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census, 1994).
- Lee Ellen Gsellman, "Physical
and Psychological Injury in Women Following Abortion: Akron Pregnancy
Services Survey," Association for Interdisciplinary Research
Newsletter 5, no. 4 (Sept./Oct. 1993): 1-8.
- Kathleen N. Franco, Marijo
B. Tamburrino, Nancy B. Campbell, "Psychological Profile
of Dysphoric Women Post-Abortion," Journal of the American
Medical Women's Association 44, no. 113 (1989).
- Gail B. Williams, "Induced
Elective Abortion and Perinatal Grief," Ph.D. Thesis, New
York University (1991).
- See, for example, Christopher
R. Moore, "Husband Mourns Outcome of Wife's Painful Decision,"
American Medical News (14 October 1991): 24
- See, for example, Thomas
Strahan, "Portraits of Post-Abortive Fathers Devastated by
the Abortion Experience," Association for Interdisciplinary
Research Newsletter 7, no. 3 (Nov./Dec. 1991): 1-8.
- Bruce D. Blumberg, Mitchell
S. Golbus, and Karl H. Hanson, "The Psychological Sequelae
of Abortion Performed for a Genetic Indication," American
Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 122, no. 7 (1 August
1975): 799.
- Jeannette Vought, Post-Abortion
Trauma: 9 Steps to Recovery (Grand Rapids, Mich.: Zondervan),
pp. 131-43.
- Nancy Heller Horowitz,
"Adolescent Mourning Reactions to Infant and Fetal Loss,"
Social Casework (November, 1978): 551-59.
- Linda Francke, The Ambivalence
of Abortion (New York: Randon House, 1978), pp. 190-91.
- Ibid., p. 61.
- Ibid., p. 65.
- See note 18.
- Ronald K. Somers, "Risk
of Admission to Psychiatric Institutions Among Danish Women Who
Experienced Induced Abortions," Ph.D. Thesis, University
of California, Los Angeles (1979).
- Pirkko Niemela, Paivi Lehtinen,
and Lauri Rauramo, "The First Abortion--And the Last? A Study
of the Personality Factors Underlying the Repeated Failure of
Contraception," International Journal of Gynaecology and
Obstetrics, 19 (1981): 193.
- Mogens Osler, Janine M.
Morgall, Birgitte Jensen, and Merete Osler, "Repeat Abortion
in Denmark," Danish Medical Bulletin 39, no. 1 (February
1992): 89.
- Ann A. Levin, Stephen C.
Schoenbaum, Richard R. Monson, Phillip G. Stubblefield, and Kenneth
J. Ryan, "Association of Induced Abortion with Subsequent
Pregnancy Loss," Journal of the American Medical Association
243, no. 24 (27 June 1980): 2495.
- Larry G. Peppers, "Grief
and Elective Abortion: Implications for the Counselor," in
Kenneth J. Doka, Disenfranchised Grief, Recognizing Hidden
Sorrow, (Lexington, Mass.: Lexington Books, 1989), pp. 135-46.
- See note 32.
- Margaret T. Mandelson,
Christopher B. Maden, and Janet R. Daling, "Low Birth Weight
in Relation to Multiple Induced Abortions," American Journal
of Public Health 82, no. 3 (March, 1992): 391.
- J. Yerushalmy, "The
Relationship of Parents' Cigarette Smoking to the Outcome of Pregnancy,"
American Journal of Epidemiology 93, no. 6 (1971): 443.
- Richard W. Coan, "Personality
Variables Associated with Cigarette Smoking," Journal
of Personality and Social Psychology 26, no. 1 (1973): 86-104.
- C. Murray Parkes and R.
J. Brown, "Health after Bereavement: A Controlled Study,"
Psychosomatic Medicine 34 (1972): 449-461.
- D. Schubert, "Personality
Implications of Cigarette Smoking among College Students,"
Journal of Consulting Psychology 23 (1959): 276; W.E. Walters,
"Smoking and Neuroticism," British Journal of Preventative
and Social Medicine 25 (1971): 162.
- J. Cheesare, J. Pascoe,
and E. Baugh, "Smoking During Pregnancy and Child Maltreatment:
Is There an Association?" International Journal for Biosocial
Research 8, no. 1 (1986): 37-42
- Susan Harlap and Michael
Davies, "Characteristics of Pregnant Women Reporting Previous
Induced Abortions," Bulletin of the World Health Organization,
52, (1975): 49; "Gestation, Birth-Weight and Spontaneous
Abortion in Pregnancy after Induced Abortion: Report of the Collaborative
Study by the World Health Organization Task Force on Sequelae
of Abortion," The Lancet (20 January 1975), pp. 142-45.
- David Reardon, Aborted
Women: Silent No More (Westchester, Illinois: Crossway Books,
1987). See, for example, pp. 79 and 146.
- Ibid.
- Anne Speckhard, "Psycho-Social
Stress Following Abortion," Ph.D. Thesis, University of Minnesota
(1985).
- Vought, pp. 111-112
- See note 17.
- Kazuo Yamaguchi and Denise
B. Kandel, "Drug Use and Other Determinants of Premarital
Pregnancy and Its Outcome: A Dynamic Analysis of Competing Life
Events," Journal of Marriage and the Family 49 (May
1987): 257.
- David Reardon, "Preliminary
Results of the Elliot Institute's 1990 Abortion Survey,"
Elliot Institute for Social Science Research (Springfield, Ill.,
1990).
- Albert D. Klassen and Sharon
C. Wilsnack, "Sexual Experience and Drinking Among Women
in a U.S. National Survey," Archives of Sexual Behavior 15
(5) 1986: 363; Wilsnack, Wilsnack and Klassen, "Women's Drinking
and Drinking Patterns from a 1981 National Survey," American
Journal of Public Health 74, no. 11 (Nov. 1984): 1231.
- Elizabeth R. Morrissey
and Mark A. Schuckit, "Stressful Life Events and Alcohol
Problems among Women Seen at a Detoxification Center," Journal
of Studies on Alcohol 39, no. 9 (1978): 1559.
- Moria Plant, Women,
Drinking and Pregnancy (London: Tavistock Publications, 1985),
pp. 59-69
- Jan W. Kuzman and David
G. Kissinger, "Patterns of Alcohol and Cigarette Use in Pregnancy,"
Neurobehavioral Toxicology and Terotology 3 (1981): 211.
- Deborah A. Frank, Barry
Zuckerman, and Hortensia Amaro, "Cocaine Use during Pregnancy:
Prevalence and Correlates," Pediatrics 82, no. 6
(Dec. 1988): 888-95.
- Amy S. Oro and Suzanne
D. Dixon, "Perinatal Cocaine and Methamphetamine Exposure:
Maternal and Neonatal Correlates," Journal of Pediatrics
111 (1987): 571.
- Hortensia Amaro, Barry
Zuckerman, and Howard Cabral, "Drug Use among Adolescent
Mothers," Pediatrics 84, no. 1 (July 1989): 144.
- Barbara Mensch and Denise
B. Kandel, "Drug Use as a Risk Factor for Premarital Teen
Pregnancy and Abortion in a National Sample of Young White Women,"
Demography 29, no. 3 (Aug. 1992): 409.
- See note 50.
- "Surgeon General's
Advisory on Alcohol and Pregnancy," Food and Drug Administration
Drug Bulletin, Department of Health and Human Services, 11, no.
2 (1981).
- Lucille Newman and Stephen
L. Buka, "Every Child a Learner: Reducing Risks of Learning
Impairment during Pregnancy and Infancy," Education Commission
of the States, Denver, Col. (1990).